An operating system is software that manages memory and processes running on a computer. Regardless of the type of operating system on a laptop or PC, all of them work together to manage the work of software and hardware. The operating system allows you to interact with computer applications and features without having to know a computer programming language. The display of the operating system is also designed to make it easier for computer users to access features and applications through a visual graphical display.
In general, the job of the operating system is to manage all the software and hardware on the computer. If software requires access to hardware such as: CPU, RAM, storage, and graphics then the operating system is in charge of bridging it. Without an operating system, the computer cannot be used at all.
Type of Operating System Based on Interface
Currently, the operating system is not only used on computers but also other electronic devices such as smartphones. If we look at the interface, the operating system can be divided into two, namely:
- Command Line Interface (CLI) is an operating system based on letters, numbers, and symbols. So to access various computer features, you have to enter a code of letters, numbers, and symbols on the interface. This operating system is not widely used because it is quite inconvenient. An example of a CLI operating system is DOS
- Graphical User Interface is an operating system that uses graphic images as a means of interaction between the user and the computer. This operating system allows you to get information and access menus more easily. All menus and access to features are displayed in the form of images so that they will be easier to learn even for new users. The most widely used GUI operating systems today, examples are: Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Type of Operating System on Computer
When you first buy a laptop or PC, you will usually immediately get the operating system on it. Most computers have a built-in operating system installed. You can also change the operating system on your computer as you wish. Currently there are 3 popular operating systems that are most commonly used on laptops or PCs, what are they? And what are the advantages and disadvantages?
1. Windows OS
The Windows operating system was created by Microsoft in the 1980s. Until now, Microsoft has released many versions of Windows OS, such as: Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows 8, and the latest is Windows 10. Windows itself is the most widely used type of computer operating system in the world. Almost all brands of laptops must use this operating system. The most recent versions of Windows have more advanced features and a more intuitive interface. Windows 10 as the latest operating system has a variety of mainstay features, one of which is the Cortana digital assistant which allows you to give commands to your laptop via voice commands.
Advantages of Windows Operating System
The advantage of the Windows operating system is its wide compatibility with various applications and computer peripheral devices. Ease of operation is also the main attraction for computer users. Then, the Windows operating system is also easier to learn, so if there are errors or errors can be immediately fixed easily.
Disadvantages of Windows Operating System
The disadvantage of the Windows operating system is that the price is quite expensive so many people are willing to use pirated operating systems instead of having to buy the original. Using a pirated operating system is certainly very dangerous for the users themselves. To get around this shortcoming, Microsoft is working with various laptop brands to include the operating system in its newest product. That way, when you buy a laptop you already get the Windows operating system at once.
2. macOS
macOS (Macintosh) is a type of operating system made by Apple. Unlike Windows, macOS is only available exclusively on Apple-made laptops or PCs, such as: MacBook, iMac, Mac Pro, and Mac Mini. All recent versions of macOS are now known as the OS X series (pronounced OS Ten). Some of the latest versions of macOS include: El Capitan, Yosemite, Mavericks, Mountain Lion, until the latest is High Sierra. The macOS interface is very different from Windows OS, so for Windows users who want to switch to macOS it will definitely take a long time to adapt. However, many people prefer to work with macOS because it is considered more intuitive and responsive.Advantages of the macOS Operating System
The advantage of macOS is that it has a better and more stable level of security. The graphical display is also more user friendly so that for some people it looks very attractive. Besides that, many computer users think that macOS is faster than Windows OS.
Disadvantages of the macOS Operating System
The downside of macOS is that it's too selfish. This operating system does not provide support for IBM-based computer systems so it is often not compatible with various software and hardware that can be used in Windows. This drawback makes it less flexible when used with Windows. In addition, the price factor is also the reason why not many people use this operating system. How not, to taste this operating system you have to buy a laptop or PC made by Apple whose prices can reach tens of millions of rupiah.
3. Linux OS
Linux is a type of operating system that is open source where the programming code (source code) can be modified and used by anyone around the world. The Linux operating system differs from Windows and macOS in that these operating systems are free. In addition, there are many Linux variants circulating so you can choose which operating system best fits your needs. Linux is not widely used, even its market share is only 2% of all operating systems globally. However, many server computers in the world use Linux because it is easier to modify.
Advantages of Linux OS Operating System
The advantage of Linux OS is that it is open source so you can get it for free. Linux is also more immune to viruses because most viruses are designed for Windows computers. The default applications and Linux drivers are also quite complete so you can operate your computer like using the more popular operating system.
Disadvantages of Linux OS Operating System
The biggest drawback of Linux OS is the difficulty of finding applications and games that support this operating system. Unlike Windows and macOS, developers are not very diligent in making applications that support the Linux operating system. The reason is because not many laptops or PCs support Linux. Another disadvantage of Linux is that it is quite difficult for novice computer users to learn. Linux users should be familiar with the terminal, root, and other issues that Windows and macOS won't encounter.
Now that was the type of operating system on a laptop / PC, functions, and advantages and disadvantages. Regardless of the operating system, the goal remains the same which is to make it easier for users to work with the software. The main function of the operating system is to act as a bridge between software and hardware. Without an operating system, even a sophisticated computer will not be able to do anything. Hopefully this article on the type of operating system on a computer is useful.